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<\/p>\n\u00a0Las mujeres que padecieron preeclampsia durante el embarazo o parto tienen m\u00e1s riesgo de desarrollar enfermedades cardiovasculares como hipertensi\u00f3n arterial, infarto agudo al miocardio y eventos cerebrovasculares, as\u00ed como de fallecimiento por alguna de estas causas.<\/p>\n
La preeclampsia es una alteraci\u00f3n caracterizada por la elevaci\u00f3n de la presi\u00f3n arterial durante el embarazo que puede comprometer la vida de la mujer y del feto. En el mundo se presenta hasta en 10 por ciento de las personas gestantes y ocasiona aproximadamente 50 mil fallecimientos anuales, por lo que es la principal causa de muerte materna.<\/p>\n
El Instituto Nacional de Perinatolog\u00eda \u201cIsidro Espinosa de los Reyes\u201d (INPer) de la Secretar\u00eda de Salud, dio a conocer que, en M\u00e9xico, la incidencia de la preeclampsia es de 47.3 por cada mil nacimientos.<\/p>\n
Para disminuir los riesgos es importante planear el embarazo con medidas como alimentaci\u00f3n adecuada, control de peso, actividad f\u00edsica, control natal y atenci\u00f3n m\u00e9dica por parte de un especialista en ginecolog\u00eda.<\/p>\n
La evidencia cient\u00edfica muestra que el consumo de \u00e1cido acetilsalic\u00edlico con prescripci\u00f3n oportuna durante el embarazo, a las pacientes candidatas, reduce hasta 70 por ciento el riesgo de que se presente la preeclampsia; no obstante, debe ser con vigilancia m\u00e9dica, debido a que no todas las pacientes se benefician con este tratamiento y en algunas incluso puede generar riesgo mayor.<\/p>\n
Otra enfermedad cardiovascular durante el embarazo es la miocardiopat\u00eda periparto, tambi\u00e9n denominada insuficiencia cardiaca, que puede impedir a las mujeres volver a embarazarse.<\/p>\n
El diagn\u00f3stico a tiempo de enfermedades cardiovasculares durante el embarazo reduce la mortalidad materna y disminuye los da\u00f1os futuros en la salud.<\/p>\n
Las enfermedades cardiovasculares van en aumento en las mujeres, sobre todo la hipertensi\u00f3n arterial, el infarto al miocardio y la insuficiencia cardiaca, de tal forma que 90 por ciento de quienes tienen m\u00e1s de 80 a\u00f1os padece hipertensi\u00f3n arterial, un problema de salud que inicia, en promedio, a partir de los 40 a\u00f1os.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
El instituto resalta la necesidad de generar una cultura de la prevenci\u00f3n con revisiones m\u00e9dicas peri\u00f3dicas, identificaci\u00f3n de factores de riesgo y detecci\u00f3n oportuna.<\/p>\n
La prevenci\u00f3n de enfermedades cardiovasculares implica el control de peso, alimentaci\u00f3n baja en grasas, az\u00facares y sal, evitar el tabaquismo y realizar una rutina de ejercicio con intensidad intermedia y aer\u00f3bica combinada con ejercicios de fuerza por lo menos 150 minutos a la semana.<\/p>\n Se presenta en el embarazo y se caracteriza por la elevaci\u00f3n de la presi\u00f3n arterial. \u00a0Las mujeres que padecieron preeclampsia 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presenta en el embarazo y se caracteriza por la elevaci\u00f3n de la presi\u00f3n arterial. \u00a0Las mujeres que padecieron preeclampsia 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